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| [Note Guidelines] Photographer's Note [Portuguese] |
| They had arrived at Brazil, for 1988 return, brought of the East-Northeast of Africa as an alternative to substitutir escargot in the culinária. After all, they can arrive the 15 centimeters of length and 200 grams of weight. Each one is equivalent to the half dozen of scargots. Only that what was to be a solution turned a migraine, therefore the consumers had not appreciated the flavor, the texture and the aspect of the meat. The caramujos then continued if to multiply quickly and to give expenses to its proprietors. Without acasalamento (they are hermaphrodites), according to Prohibited Municipal Civilian, each one boot 1,200 eggs per year. Acasalados the number fold. He was that the creators had started if to exempt in inadequate way them animals, freeing them in rivers, bushes, strips of land there or same placing them in the garbage. Of the Bahia the Santa Catarina already had made house in 15 states. They travel in the trains, in the load of the trucks, where to obtain to go up. One of the states with bigger infestation is São Paulo. They provoke illnesses in human beings and some animals; they contaminate the ground and the water; plantations, hortas and gardens devastam. They can transmit worms that cause neurological illnesses, as the eosinofílica meningite, of this has even so not had still register in Brazil. But also it can pass to the human beings the causer of angiostrongilíase abdominal, fatal illness that attacks the intestines (perforation and internal hemorrhage) and of which it according to has hundreds of cases registered in the country impossible Eradication Ibama, unhappyly, nowadays, it is practically impossible to eradicate caramujo African in Brazil because they are beings hermaphrodites - that multiply espontaneamente - and that the climatic conditions are adaptam easily adverse. Although they exist animal of our fauna that can be its predators (some mammals and birds), the prerestitution is not enough. Control: As method does not exist insecticidal or to eliminate them in great number without damages for the environment, the solution now is the control on the part of the population. The first measure is to identify caramujo African. The skill safest is observing its shell. It is of brown-dark color, with different esbranquiçadas stripes, a little in zigzag. The caramujos in general like humid places and shadings. Therefore, when initiating the search of caramujo African in its yard, verifies the cantos of the walls well, the walls where it does not beat to much light and the places where it can have accumulation of twigs, remaining portions of pruning, leves, wood, etc. Also the pierced remaining portions of construction, entulhos and, in special, bricks are local very propitious. Fire, salt, land, soap: The animals must for more than be catados (one by one) with hands enluvadas or protected a plastic bag; after congregated they can be incinerados or be played in some container with water and sufficient salt (in this last case, they are become fluid); died caramujo, the shells will not have to remain entire, to prevent that they join water of rain, in which the mosquito of the affection will be able to deposit eggs. The Ibama recommends to boil them during 50 minutes or then to inside embed them dead and of bags in ditches of 80 centimeters, being played virgin whitewash (whitewash of construção)em top of the caramujos. Later it covers the ditch with land. Valley to remember that these ditches must be distant of wells or watering holes. To prevent that the African caramujos gifts in neighboring properties arrive at its land, prepare a soap mixture in dust and water, forming strong Calda, and spread on the wall. It after remakes this procedure to each three weeks or each rain. Another form of prevention is to observe if the leves and fruits are entire, or either, if they had not been eaten by caramujos. Vegetables, fruits and vegetables must always be dived in a mixture contend a spoon (soup) of sanitary water for one liter of water, during thirty minutes. It rinses very well before eating. It always disdains the vegetables that had had contact with the caramujos. Other countries also face problems: In U.S.A., caramujo African was introduced in the Havaí, in 1939, arrived at California in the end of the World War II and reached the Flórida, in the beginning of the decade of 70. Also it is present in Australia, Asian India and countries southeastern. Innumerable efforts, without success, have been made in these countries to control and to eradicate this clam of the invaded areas. To who to ask for aid? Although all the problems, everything what the public power promoted to defend the Carioca were a partnership between the Civil Defense and the supermarkets, to produce brochures that teach the population to deal with the clam. Some campaigns of combat also are carried through for city with aid of caramujomóvel (vehicle that collects the animals), but still is insufficient. The attentions still are turned more toward cambate to the affection. Exactly thus, in case of doubts and emergencies, the Body of Firemen and the Civil Defense possess enabled professionals to deal with the caramujos. The agencies can be set in motion by 199 telephones 193 and, respectively. |
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